Database - Introduction
- A large collection of data.
- A database is built and maintained by using a database programming language,
- A large quantity of digital information.
- Database Components:
- Schema
- Table
- Column
- Row
Operation with Database:
- Design: Define structures and types of data.
- Construction: Create data structure of database, populate database data.
- Manipulation of data: Select, Insert, Delete, Update (CRUD)
Database Implementation:
- Structure (Datatypes)
- Persistence (Store data on secondary storage)
- Retrieval (Database programming language/query language)
- Performance (Retrieve, store, manipulate data quickly)
- Sharing (Concurrency)
- Reliability
- Large data volumes
Database Management System(DBMS):
- A database is a software designed to store and manage databases.
- A DBMS provides generic functionality.
- Several brands:
- Oracle
- SQL Server
- SQL Lite
- MYSQL
- Postgre SQL
- MS Access
Database Actors:
- Behind the Scenes
- DBMS / Tool Developers
- On the scenes
- Database Administrators
- Database Designers
- Application Programmers
- End users
Database Design:
- Design the logical and physical structure.
- Satisfy the information content requirements of the specified users and applicants.
- Identification of the entity, attributes, and relationships.
Entity Relationship (ER Diagram):
An entity relationship diagram is a type of flowchart that illustrates how entities such as objects or concepts relate to others within a system.
ER Model: Symbols
ways of graphical representing the logical relationships.
- Entities: An entity can be a real-world object, either animate or inanimate, that can be easily identifiable.
- Attributes: Entities are represented by means of their properties, called attributes. All attributes have values.
- Relationships
- Links/Primary Key
- End users and many more
Relationship:
The association between/among several entities is called relationship.
Example:
- Employee works at department.
Mapping Cardinalities:
- One to one
- One to many
- Many to many
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